diff --git a/frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginRuntimeProvider.test.tsx b/frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginRuntimeProvider.test.tsx
index f16908d9..ff54dc7c 100644
--- a/frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginRuntimeProvider.test.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginRuntimeProvider.test.tsx
@@ -11,12 +11,16 @@ import {
 import { DIProvider } from "@/app/di";
 import type {
   CustomPluginLayoutCell,
+  PluginContributionDto,
   PluginRuntimeContributionCatalog,
   PluginRuntimePlugin,
 } from "@/domain";
+import type { WhenContext } from "@/plugins/runtime";
+import { MenuBar } from "@/shared";
 import { usePluginRuntime } from "./PluginRuntimeProvider";
 import { PluginLayoutCellView } from "./PluginLayoutCellView";
 import { PluginRuntimeProvider } from "./PluginRuntimeProvider";
+import { usePluginMenus } from "./usePluginMenus";
 
 function dataUrl(source: string): string {
   return `data:text/javascript;base64,${Buffer.from(source).toString("base64")}`;
@@ -78,6 +82,28 @@ function RuntimeProbe({ onMount }: { onMount: () => void }) {
   );
 }
 
+const OPEN_PROJECT_CONTEXT: WhenContext = {
+  projectOpen: true,
+  gitRepository: true,
+  agentSelected: false,
+  terminalFocused: false,
+  layoutCellFocused: false,
+};
+
+function MenuRuntimeProbe() {
+  const { registry, loading } = usePluginRuntime();
+  const menus = usePluginMenus(registry, OPEN_PROJECT_CONTEXT);
+  return (
+    <>
+      <span data-testid="menu-runtime-plugin">
+        {loading ? "loading" : (registry.list()[0]?.displayName ?? "none")}
+      </span>
+      <MenuBar menus={menus.topLevelMenus} />
+      {menus.commandError && <p role="alert">{menus.commandError.message}</p>}
+    </>
+  );
+}
+
 describe("PluginRuntimeProvider soft refresh (#279)", () => {
   it("reloads contributions after install and reload events without remounting its workspace", async () => {
     const plugin = new MutableRuntimeCatalogGateway();
@@ -145,6 +171,86 @@ describe("PluginRuntimeProvider soft refresh (#279)", () => {
     expect(plugin.calls).toBe(4);
   });
 
+  it("dispatches the V2 handler after plugin reload when menu and command ids stay unchanged (#336)", async () => {
+    const calls: string[] = [];
+    (globalThis as typeof globalThis & { __IDEA_MENU_RELOAD_CALLS__?: string[] })
+      .__IDEA_MENU_RELOAD_CALLS__ = calls;
+    const plugin = new MutableRuntimeCatalogGateway();
+    const system = new MockSystemGateway();
+    const focusedProject = new MockFocusedProjectGateway();
+    await focusedProject.setFocusedProject({ id: "project-1", name: "Alpha", root: "/alpha" });
+    const contributions: PluginContributionDto = {
+      menus: [{ id: "git-menu", label: "Git", topLevel: true, order: 10 }],
+      menuItems: [{
+        id: "open.item",
+        targetMenuId: "plugin:git-menu",
+        label: "Open repositories",
+        command: "git.open",
+        order: 10,
+        when: "projectOpen",
+      }],
+      layouts: [],
+      mcpServers: [],
+    };
+    const bundle = (version: string) => dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        ctx.subscriptions.push(ctx.commands.registerCommand("git.open", () => {
+          globalThis.__IDEA_MENU_RELOAD_CALLS__.push("${version}");
+        }));
+      }
+    `);
+    plugin.catalog = {
+      plugins: [runtimePlugin({
+        displayName: "Git runtime V1",
+        contentHash: "menu-v1",
+        bundleUrl: bundle("v1"),
+        contributes: contributions,
+      })],
+    };
+    const gateways = { ...createMockGateways(), plugin, system, focusedProject };
+
+    try {
+      render(
+        <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
+          <PluginRuntimeProvider>
+            <MenuRuntimeProbe />
+          </PluginRuntimeProvider>
+        </DIProvider>,
+      );
+
+      expect(await screen.findByText("Git runtime V1")).toBeTruthy();
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Git" }));
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Open repositories · Git runtime V1" }));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(calls).toEqual(["v1"]));
+
+      plugin.catalog = {
+        plugins: [runtimePlugin({
+          displayName: "Git runtime V2",
+          version: "2.0.0",
+          contentHash: "menu-v2",
+          bundleUrl: bundle("v2"),
+          contributes: contributions,
+        })],
+      };
+      system.emit({
+        type: "pluginReloaded",
+        pluginId: "dev.acme.refreshable",
+        oldContentHash: "menu-v1",
+        newContentHash: "menu-v2",
+        changed: true,
+      });
+
+      expect(await screen.findByText("Git runtime V2")).toBeTruthy();
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Git" }));
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Open repositories · Git runtime V2" }));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(calls).toEqual(["v1", "v2"]));
+      expect(screen.queryByRole("alert")).toBeNull();
+    } finally {
+      delete (globalThis as typeof globalThis & { __IDEA_MENU_RELOAD_CALLS__?: string[] })
+        .__IDEA_MENU_RELOAD_CALLS__;
+    }
+  });
+
   it("ignores a custom plugin layout ref when its contribution disappears", async () => {
     const plugin = new MutableRuntimeCatalogGateway();
     const system = new MockSystemGateway();
diff --git a/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.test.tsx b/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.test.tsx
index 4561acf3..22d2c1ce 100644
--- a/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.test.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.test.tsx
@@ -107,8 +107,9 @@ describe("usePluginMenus", () => {
     }
   });
 
-  it("keeps a missing command handler as a silent no-op", async () => {
+  it("surfaces a missing command handler after plugin reload", async () => {
     const runCommandStrict = vi.fn();
+    const consoleError = vi.spyOn(console, "error").mockImplementation(() => {});
     const registry = throwingRegistry({
       runCommandStrict,
       get: vi.fn(() => ({ commands: { has: () => false } })),
@@ -118,6 +119,43 @@ describe("usePluginMenus", () => {
     await act(() => result.current.runCommand("dev.acme.git", "git.missing"));
 
     expect(runCommandStrict).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-    expect(result.current.commandError).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.current.commandError).toEqual({
+      pluginId: "dev.acme.git",
+      commandId: "git.missing",
+      message: "Commande indisponible après le rechargement du plugin. Réessayez après avoir rechargé le plugin.",
+    });
+    expect(consoleError).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "[plugins] menu command handler unavailable",
+      expect.objectContaining({ pluginId: "dev.acme.git", commandId: "git.missing" }),
+    );
+    consoleError.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    [
+      { status: "skipped", reason: "services-unavailable", message: "raw services payload" },
+      "Le service Git n’est pas disponible pour le moment. Réessayez dans quelques instants.",
+    ],
+    [
+      { status: "skipped", reason: "no-focused-project", message: "raw project payload" },
+      "Sélectionnez un projet pour utiliser cette commande.",
+    ],
+    [
+      { status: "failed", message: "raw internal failure payload" },
+      "La commande Git n’a pas pu être exécutée. Réessayez.",
+    ],
+  ])("maps structured command feedback to a minimal visible message", async (feedback, message) => {
+    const runCommandStrict = vi.fn(async () => feedback);
+    const registry = throwingRegistry({ runCommandStrict });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => usePluginMenus(registry, NO_CONTEXT));
+
+    await act(() => result.current.runCommand("dev.idea.git-plugin", "git-plugin.open-dashboard"));
+
+    expect(result.current.commandError).toEqual({
+      pluginId: "dev.idea.git-plugin",
+      commandId: "git-plugin.open-dashboard",
+      message,
+    });
+    expect(result.current.commandError?.message).not.toContain("raw");
   });
 });
diff --git a/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.ts b/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.ts
index 4ca579f4..feadc722 100644
--- a/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/features/plugins/usePluginMenus.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 
 import type { MenuTargetId } from "@/domain";
+import { useI18n } from "@/i18n";
 import type { MenuBarItem, MenuBarMenu } from "@/shared";
 import type { PluginRuntimeRegistry, WhenContext } from "@/plugins/runtime";
 import { resolveMenuItems, resolveTopLevelMenus, type ResolvedTopLevelMenu } from "./menus";
@@ -41,6 +42,43 @@ function describeError(e: unknown): string {
   return String(e);
 }
 
+function objectOrNull(value: unknown): Record<string, unknown> | null {
+  return value !== null && typeof value === "object"
+    ? value as Record<string, unknown>
+    : null;
+}
+
+function structuredCommandFeedbackMessage(
+  value: unknown,
+  tr: (french: string, english: string) => string,
+): string | null {
+  const feedback = objectOrNull(value);
+  if (!feedback) return null;
+  if (feedback.status === "failed") {
+    return tr(
+      "La commande Git n’a pas pu être exécutée. Réessayez.",
+      "The Git command could not be run. Try again.",
+    );
+  }
+  if (feedback.status !== "skipped") return null;
+  if (feedback.reason === "services-unavailable") {
+    return tr(
+      "Le service Git n’est pas disponible pour le moment. Réessayez dans quelques instants.",
+      "The Git service is currently unavailable. Try again in a few moments.",
+    );
+  }
+  if (feedback.reason === "no-focused-project") {
+    return tr(
+      "Sélectionnez un projet pour utiliser cette commande.",
+      "Select a project to use this command.",
+    );
+  }
+  return tr(
+    "La commande du plugin n’est pas disponible pour le moment. Réessayez.",
+    "The plugin command is currently unavailable. Try again.",
+  );
+}
+
 function rejectPluginMenuContribution(
   scope: string,
   details: Record<string, unknown>,
@@ -57,18 +95,32 @@ export function usePluginMenus(
   registry: PluginRuntimeRegistry,
   whenCtx: WhenContext,
 ): UsePluginMenusResult {
+  const { tr } = useI18n();
   const [commandError, setCommandError] = useState<PluginMenuCommandError | null>(null);
   const clearCommandError = useCallback(() => setCommandError(null), []);
   const runCommand = useCallback(
     async (pluginId: string, commandId: string): Promise<unknown> => {
       setCommandError(null);
+      if (!registry.get(pluginId)?.commands.has(commandId)) {
+        const failure = {
+          pluginId,
+          commandId,
+          message: tr(
+            "Commande indisponible après le rechargement du plugin. Réessayez après avoir rechargé le plugin.",
+            "Command unavailable after the plugin reload. Try again after reloading the plugin.",
+          ),
+        };
+        console.error("[plugins] menu command handler unavailable", failure);
+        setCommandError(failure);
+        return undefined;
+      }
       try {
-        // Preserve the SDK's historical no-op for a declared menu command whose
-        // handler was not registered, but do not use the lenient dispatcher for
-        // real handlers: it logs and swallows rejected promises, which made
-        // native-window failures invisible to the menu host (#329).
-        if (!registry.get(pluginId)?.commands.has(commandId)) return undefined;
-        return await registry.runCommandStrict(pluginId, commandId);
+        const result = await registry.runCommandStrict(pluginId, commandId);
+        const feedbackMessage = structuredCommandFeedbackMessage(result, tr);
+        if (feedbackMessage) {
+          setCommandError({ pluginId, commandId, message: feedbackMessage });
+        }
+        return result;
       } catch (error) {
         const failure = { pluginId, commandId, message: describeError(error) };
         console.error("[plugins] menu command rejected", failure);
@@ -76,7 +128,7 @@ export function usePluginMenus(
         return undefined;
       }
     },
-    [registry],
+    [registry, tr],
   );
 
   const itemsFor = useMemo(() => {