Merge feature/ticket28-firstrun-detect-hang into develop (#28)

First-run wizard figé : boutons « Save and continue » et « Detect installed
CLIs » grisés à vie.

Cause racine à deux étages, corrigée aux deux :
- backend : `AgentRuntime::detect` était un `fn` synchrone pilotant un
  spawner async via un `block_on` imbriqué — panique sous le runtime Tauri,
  commande IPC sans réponse. Le port passe en `async fn`, la sonde est bornée
  par un timeout, et les profils OpenAI-compatible sont sondés en HTTP.
- frontend : `busy` awaitait `detectProfiles`, si bien qu'une promesse
  pendante grisait les actions sans issue. La détection devient best-effort,
  suivie par un drapeau `detecting` séparé qui n'inhibe rien.

QA vert (exécution réelle) : domain 241, application 81, infrastructure 269,
app-tauri 63+15 ; vitest 569 tests / 59 fichiers ; tsc --noEmit exit 0.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

crates/app-tauri/src/state.rs

@@ -3992,8 +3992,9 @@ mod mcp_serve_peer_tests {
     }
 
     struct FakeRuntime;
+    #[async_trait]
     impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-        fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+        async fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
             Ok(true)
         }
         fn prepare_invocation(
@@ -5374,8 +5375,9 @@ mod mcp_e2e_loopback_tests {
     }
 
     struct FakeRuntime;
+    #[async_trait]
     impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-        fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+        async fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
             Ok(true)
         }
         fn prepare_invocation(

crates/application/src/agent/usecases.rs

@@ -72,14 +72,11 @@ impl DetectProfiles {
         &self,
         input: DetectProfilesInput,
     ) -> Result<DetectProfilesOutput, AppError> {
-        let results = input
+        let mut results = Vec::with_capacity(input.candidates.len());
-            .candidates
+        for profile in input.candidates {
-            .into_iter()
+            let available = self.runtime.detect(&profile).await.unwrap_or(false);
-            .map(|profile| {
+            results.push(ProfileAvailability { profile, available });
-                let available = self.runtime.detect(&profile).unwrap_or(false);
+        }
-                ProfileAvailability { profile, available }
-            })
-            .collect();
         Ok(DetectProfilesOutput { results })
     }
 }

crates/application/tests/agent_lifecycle.rs

@@ -318,8 +318,9 @@ impl FakeRuntime {
     }
 }
 
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

crates/application/tests/change_agent_profile.rs

@@ -344,8 +344,9 @@ impl FakeRuntime {
     }
 }
 
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

crates/application/tests/orchestrator_service.rs

@@ -262,8 +262,9 @@ impl SkillStore for RecordingSkills {
 }
 
 struct FakeRuntime;
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

crates/application/tests/profile_usecases.rs

@@ -86,9 +86,11 @@ struct StubRuntime {
     by_command: HashMap<String, DetectResult>,
 }
 
+struct YieldingRuntime;
+
 #[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for StubRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         match self.by_command.get(&profile.command) {
             Some(DetectResult::Available) => Ok(true),
             Some(DetectResult::Missing) | None => Ok(false),
@@ -107,6 +109,24 @@ impl AgentRuntime for StubRuntime {
     }
 }
 
+#[async_trait]
+impl AgentRuntime for YieldingRuntime {
+    async fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+        tokio::task::yield_now().await;
+        Ok(true)
+    }
+
+    fn prepare_invocation(
+        &self,
+        _profile: &AgentProfile,
+        _ctx: &PreparedContext,
+        _cwd: &ProjectPath,
+        _session: &SessionPlan,
+    ) -> Result<SpawnSpec, RuntimeError> {
+        unreachable!("not used in these tests")
+    }
+}
+
 fn profile(id: u128, name: &str, command: &str) -> AgentProfile {
     AgentProfile::new(
         ProfileId::from_uuid(uuid::Uuid::from_u128(id)),
@@ -167,6 +187,20 @@ async fn detect_error_degrades_to_unavailable_not_hard_failure() {
     );
 }
 
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn detect_execute_awaits_async_runtime_without_nested_runtime_panic() {
+    let detect = DetectProfiles::new(Arc::new(YieldingRuntime));
+    let out = detect
+        .execute(DetectProfilesInput {
+            candidates: vec![profile(1, "Claude", "claude")],
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("async detection must complete inside a multi-thread Tokio runtime");
+
+    assert_eq!(out.results.len(), 1);
+    assert!(out.results[0].available);
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ConfigureProfiles
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

crates/application/tests/structured_launch_d3.rs

@@ -284,8 +284,9 @@ impl FakeRuntime {
     }
 }
 
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

crates/domain/src/ports.rs

@@ -745,13 +745,14 @@ pub struct GraphCommit {
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /// Launch/drive an AI CLI according to an [`AgentProfile`], handling context
-/// injection. CPU-bound and synchronous — kept plain `fn`.
+/// injection.
+#[async_trait]
 pub trait AgentRuntime: Send + Sync {
     /// Detects whether the profile's command is available.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     /// [`RuntimeError`] on detection failure.
-    fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError>;
+    async fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError>;
 
     /// Builds a [`SpawnSpec`] (command + args + injection plan) for launching
     /// the agent in `cwd` with the prepared context.

crates/infrastructure/src/runtime/mod.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 //!   `cwd` (template substitution), and the context-injection plan derived from
 //!   the profile's [`ContextInjection`]. This is the testable core of L5.
 
-use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::{sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@ use domain::ports::{
     AgentRuntime, ContextInjectionPlan, PreparedContext, ProcessSpawner, RuntimeError, SessionPlan,
     SpawnSpec,
 };
-use domain::profile::{AgentProfile, ContextInjection, SessionStrategy};
+use domain::profile::{AgentProfile, ContextInjection, SessionStrategy, StructuredAdapter};
 use domain::project::ProjectPath;
 
+const DETECTION_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(800);
+
 /// The single generic AI-runtime adapter. Holds a [`ProcessSpawner`] (used only
 /// by [`detect`](AgentRuntime::detect)); [`prepare_invocation`] is pure.
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -179,14 +181,16 @@ impl CliAgentRuntime {
 
 #[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for CliAgentRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, profile: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+        if profile.structured_adapter == Some(StructuredAdapter::OpenAiCompatible) {
+            return Ok(Self::detect_openai_compatible(profile).await);
+        }
+
         let spec = Self::detection_spec(profile)?;
-        // The port is synchronous but the spawner is async; block on it. The
-        // adapter is invoked off the Tauri async runtime (detection is a
-        // short-lived probe), so a transient runtime here is acceptable and keeps
-        // the `AgentRuntime` port plain-`fn` as the domain declares it.
         let spawner = Arc::clone(&self.spawner);
-        let output = futures_block_on(async move { spawner.run(spec).await })
+        let output = tokio::time::timeout(DETECTION_TIMEOUT, spawner.run(spec))
+            .await
+            .map_err(|_| RuntimeError::Detection("detection timed out".to_owned()))?
             .map_err(|e| RuntimeError::Detection(e.to_string()))?;
         Ok(output.status.code == Some(0))
     }
@@ -225,13 +229,33 @@ impl AgentRuntime for CliAgentRuntime {
     }
 }
 
-/// Minimal block-on helper that drives a future to completion on a fresh
+impl CliAgentRuntime {
-/// current-thread tokio runtime. Used only by [`CliAgentRuntime::detect`], whose
+    async fn detect_openai_compatible(profile: &AgentProfile) -> bool {
-/// port signature is synchronous while the [`ProcessSpawner`] it calls is async.
+        let Some(chat) = &profile.chat_http else {
-fn futures_block_on<F: std::future::Future>(fut: F) -> F::Output {
+            return false;
-    tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
+        };
-        .enable_all()
+        let url = openai_compatible_models_endpoint(&chat.endpoint);
-        .build()
+        let probe = async move {
-        .expect("failed to build a current-thread runtime for detection")
+            let client = reqwest::Client::builder()
-        .block_on(fut)
+                .timeout(DETECTION_TIMEOUT)
+                .build()
+                .ok()?;
+            let response = client.get(url).send().await.ok()?;
+            Some(response.status().is_success())
+        };
+        tokio::time::timeout(DETECTION_TIMEOUT, probe)
+            .await
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+}
+
+fn openai_compatible_models_endpoint(endpoint: &str) -> String {
+    let trimmed = endpoint.trim_end_matches('/');
+    let base = trimmed
+        .strip_suffix("/chat/completions")
+        .unwrap_or(trimmed)
+        .trim_end_matches('/');
+    format!("{base}/models")
 }

crates/infrastructure/tests/agent_runtime.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ use domain::ports::{
     AgentRuntime, ContextInjectionPlan, ExitStatus, Output, PreparedContext, ProcessError,
     ProcessSpawner, RuntimeError, SessionPlan, SpawnSpec,
 };
-use domain::profile::{AgentProfile, ContextInjection, SessionStrategy};
+use domain::profile::{
+    AgentProfile, ContextInjection, HttpChatConfig, SessionStrategy, StructuredAdapter,
+};
 use domain::project::ProjectPath;
 use domain::MarkdownDoc;
 use infrastructure::CliAgentRuntime;
@@ -297,60 +299,85 @@ fn detection_spec_falls_back_to_command_version() {
 // detect (mocked spawner)
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#[test]
+#[tokio::test]
-fn detect_true_on_exit_zero() {
+async fn detect_true_on_exit_zero() {
     let rt = runtime_with(Ok(Output {
         status: ExitStatus { code: Some(0) },
         stdout: Vec::new(),
         stderr: Vec::new(),
     }));
     let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}");
-    assert!(rt.detect(&p).unwrap());
+    assert!(rt.detect(&p).await.unwrap());
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[tokio::test]
-fn detect_false_on_nonzero_exit() {
+async fn detect_false_on_nonzero_exit() {
     let rt = runtime_with(Ok(Output {
         status: ExitStatus { code: Some(127) },
         stdout: Vec::new(),
         stderr: Vec::new(),
     }));
     let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}");
-    assert!(!rt.detect(&p).unwrap());
+    assert!(!rt.detect(&p).await.unwrap());
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[tokio::test]
-fn detect_false_on_signal_terminated() {
+async fn detect_false_on_signal_terminated() {
     let rt = runtime_with(Ok(Output {
         status: ExitStatus { code: None },
         stdout: Vec::new(),
         stderr: Vec::new(),
     }));
     let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}");
-    assert!(!rt.detect(&p).unwrap());
+    assert!(!rt.detect(&p).await.unwrap());
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[tokio::test]
-fn detect_propagates_spawner_error() {
+async fn detect_propagates_spawner_error() {
     let rt = runtime_with(Err(ProcessError::Spawn("no such file".to_owned())));
     let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}");
-    let err = rt.detect(&p).expect_err("spawner error surfaces");
+    let err = rt.detect(&p).await.expect_err("spawner error surfaces");
     assert!(matches!(err, RuntimeError::Detection(_)), "got {err:?}");
 }
 
-#[test]
+#[tokio::test]
-fn detect_runs_the_detection_spec_command() {
+async fn detect_runs_the_detection_spec_command() {
     let recorder = Arc::new(RecordingSpawner(std::sync::Mutex::new(None)));
     let rt = CliAgentRuntime::new(recorder.clone());
     let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}");
 
-    rt.detect(&p).unwrap();
+    rt.detect(&p).await.unwrap();
 
     let spec = recorder.0.lock().unwrap().clone().expect("spec recorded");
     assert_eq!(spec.command, "mycli");
     assert_eq!(spec.args, vec!["probe", "--json"]);
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn detect_openai_compatible_uses_http_endpoint_not_cli_spawner() {
+    let recorder = Arc::new(RecordingSpawner(std::sync::Mutex::new(None)));
+    let rt = CliAgentRuntime::new(recorder.clone());
+    let p = profile(ContextInjection::stdin(), "{projectRoot}")
+        .with_structured_adapter(StructuredAdapter::OpenAiCompatible)
+        .with_chat_http(
+            HttpChatConfig::new(
+                "http://127.0.0.1:1/v1",
+                "model",
+                None,
+                Some(1000),
+                Some(1000),
+                None,
+            )
+            .unwrap(),
+        );
+
+    assert!(!rt.detect(&p).await.unwrap());
+    assert!(
+        recorder.0.lock().unwrap().is_none(),
+        "OpenAI-compatible detection must not spawn the profile command"
+    );
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // prepare_invocation — session args (T3 truth table)
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

crates/infrastructure/tests/mcp_server.rs

@@ -227,8 +227,9 @@ impl domain::ports::MemoryRecall for FakeRecall {
 }
 
 struct FakeRuntime;
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

crates/infrastructure/tests/orchestrator_watcher.rs

@@ -226,8 +226,9 @@ impl domain::ports::MemoryRecall for FakeRecall {
 }
 
 struct FakeRuntime;
+#[async_trait]
 impl AgentRuntime for FakeRuntime {
-    fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
+    async fn detect(&self, _p: &AgentProfile) -> Result<bool, RuntimeError> {
         Ok(true)
     }
     fn prepare_invocation(

frontend/src/features/first-run/FirstRunWizard.test.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 import { describe, it, expect, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
+  act,
   render,
   screen,
   waitFor,
@@ -13,9 +14,11 @@ import {
 } from "@testing-library/react";
 
 import { MockProfileGateway } from "@/adapters/mock";
+import type { ProfileAvailability } from "@/domain";
 import type { Gateways } from "@/ports";
 import { DIProvider } from "@/app/di";
 import { FirstRunWizard } from "./FirstRunWizard";
+import { DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS } from "./useFirstRun";
 
 function renderWizard(
   profile: MockProfileGateway = new MockProfileGateway(),
@@ -301,6 +304,69 @@ describe("FirstRunWizard — OpenAI-compatible local/LAN profile (ticket #14)",
   });
 });
 
+// Ticket #28 — the wizard must survive a detection that never answers. When the
+// backend `detect_profiles` command panics, the `invoke` promise is neither
+// resolved nor rejected: nothing after `await detectProfiles(...)` ever runs.
+// `busy` must therefore never be tied to detection, or both buttons stay greyed
+// out for good and the first run cannot be completed.
+describe("FirstRunWizard — detection that never answers (ticket #28)", () => {
+  /** A gateway whose `detectProfiles` promise stays pending forever. */
+  class HangingDetectGateway extends MockProfileGateway {
+    override detectProfiles(): Promise<ProfileAvailability[]> {
+      return new Promise<ProfileAvailability[]>(() => {});
+    }
+  }
+
+  it("keeps Save and Detect enabled once firstRunState answered", async () => {
+    renderWizard(new HangingDetectGateway());
+    await waitForLoaded();
+
+    // The rows are rendered, so the blocking load is over: both actions are live.
+    const save = screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Save and continue" });
+    const detect = screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Detect installed CLIs" });
+    expect((save as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(false);
+    expect((detect as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(false);
+
+    // Detection is merely reported as in flight, never as a blocking state.
+    expect(screen.getByRole("status").textContent).toMatch(/detecting/i);
+
+    // Re-probing by hand must not freeze them either.
+    fireEvent.click(detect);
+    expect((save as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(false);
+    expect((detect as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("still finishes the first run while detection hangs", async () => {
+    const profile = new HangingDetectGateway();
+    const { onDone } = renderWizard(profile, vi.fn());
+    await waitForLoaded();
+
+    // Nothing got pre-checked (detection never answered): tick a profile by hand.
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByLabelText("use Claude Code"));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Save and continue" }));
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(onDone).toHaveBeenCalled());
+    const saved = await profile.listProfiles();
+    expect(saved.map((p) => p.command)).toEqual(["claude"]);
+  });
+
+  it("drops the detecting flag on timeout even if the promise never settles", async () => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers({ shouldAdvanceTime: true });
+    try {
+      renderWizard(new HangingDetectGateway());
+      await waitForLoaded();
+      expect(screen.getByRole("status").textContent).toMatch(/detecting/i);
+
+      await act(async () => {
+        vi.advanceTimersByTime(DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS + 1);
+      });
+      expect(screen.queryByRole("status")).toBeNull();
+    } finally {
+      vi.useRealTimers();
+    }
+  });
+});
+
 describe("FirstRunWizard reopening after the first run (forceOpen)", () => {
   /** A gateway whose first run is already done (profiles configured). */
   async function configuredGateway() {

frontend/src/features/first-run/FirstRunWizard.tsx

@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@ export function FirstRunWizard({
         )}
 
         <Toolbar>
+          {/* `detecting` deliberately does NOT disable this button (ticket #28):
+              detection is best-effort and may never answer. */}
           <Button
             onClick={() => void vm.detect()}
             disabled={vm.busy}
@@ -85,6 +87,11 @@ export function FirstRunWizard({
           >
             Detect installed CLIs
           </Button>
+          {vm.detecting && (
+            <span role="status" className="text-xs text-muted">
+              Detecting…
+            </span>
+          )}
         </Toolbar>
 
         <ul className="flex list-none flex-col gap-3 p-0">

frontend/src/features/first-run/useFirstRun.ts

@@ -3,9 +3,17 @@
  * (L5). Owns the wizard state (selectable reference candidates + selection +
  * availability) and the actions. Consumes the {@link ProfileGateway}
  * exclusively — never `invoke()` — so the feature is testable with a mock.
+ *
+ * **Invariant (ticket #28)**: `busy` gates only the requests the wizard cannot
+ * render without (`firstRunState`) or that mutate state (`configureProfiles`).
+ * It NEVER depends on `detectProfiles`: CLI detection is a detached, best-effort
+ * step tracked by the separate {@link FirstRunViewModel.detecting} flag, bounded
+ * by {@link DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS}. A detection that panics backend-side (leaving the
+ * `invoke` promise forever pending) must not freeze "Save and continue" /
+ * "Detect installed CLIs".
  */
 
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 
 import type {
   AgentProfile,
@@ -15,6 +23,9 @@ import type {
 } from "@/domain";
 import { useGateways } from "@/app/di";
 
+/** How long the UI waits for a detection round before giving up on it. */
+export const DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS = 3_000;
+
 /** One row in the wizard: a candidate profile, selected state, availability. */
 export interface WizardEntry {
   profile: AgentProfile;
@@ -31,8 +42,10 @@ export interface FirstRunViewModel {
   entries: WizardEntry[];
   /** Last error message, or null. */
   error: string | null;
-  /** Whether a request is in flight. */
+  /** Whether a blocking request is in flight (load / save). Never detection. */
   busy: boolean;
+  /** Whether a best-effort detection round is in flight. Never disables actions. */
+  detecting: boolean;
   /** Toggles selection of a candidate by id. */
   toggle: (id: string) => void;
   /** Replaces a candidate's profile (edited command/args/injection). */
@@ -60,41 +73,101 @@ export function useFirstRun(): FirstRunViewModel {
   const [entries, setEntries] = useState<WizardEntry[]>([]);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
+  const [detecting, setDetecting] = useState(false);
+
+  /** Monotonic id of the latest detection round; older rounds are ignored. */
+  const detectRun = useRef(0);
+  const detectTimer = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(
+    () => () => {
+      // Unmount: invalidate any in-flight round (its promise may never settle).
+      detectRun.current += 1;
+      if (detectTimer.current !== null) clearTimeout(detectTimer.current);
+    },
+    [],
+  );
+
+  /**
+   * Best-effort detection round, detached from `busy`. A round is abandoned
+   * after {@link DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS} — the underlying promise may stay pending
+   * forever (backend panic ⇒ no IPC response), so `detecting` is released by a
+   * timer, never by the promise alone. `preselect` ticks the installed CLIs (the
+   * auto-detection on open); the manual button only refreshes availability.
+   */
+  const runDetection = useCallback(
+    async (
+      candidates: AgentProfile[],
+      opts: { preselect: boolean; reportError: boolean },
+    ) => {
+      const run = detectRun.current + 1;
+      detectRun.current = run;
+      const stale = () => detectRun.current !== run;
+
+      setDetecting(true);
+      if (detectTimer.current !== null) clearTimeout(detectTimer.current);
+      detectTimer.current = setTimeout(() => {
+        if (!stale()) setDetecting(false);
+      }, DETECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+      try {
+        const results: ProfileAvailability[] =
+          await profile.detectProfiles(candidates);
+        if (stale()) return;
+        const byId = new Map(results.map((r) => [r.profile.id, r.available]));
+        setEntries((prev) =>
+          prev.map((e) => {
+            const available = byId.get(e.profile.id) ?? e.available;
+            return {
+              ...e,
+              available,
+              selected: opts.preselect ? available === true : e.selected,
+            };
+          }),
+        );
+      } catch (e) {
+        // Detection unavailable: rows stay as they are (the user can tick them
+        // by hand and re-run). Only the explicit button surfaces the failure.
+        if (stale()) return;
+        if (opts.reportError) setError(describe(e));
+      } finally {
+        if (!stale()) {
+          if (detectTimer.current !== null) clearTimeout(detectTimer.current);
+          detectTimer.current = null;
+          setDetecting(false);
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    [profile],
+  );
 
   const reload = useCallback(async () => {
     setBusy(true);
     setError(null);
+    let refs: AgentProfile[] | null = null;
     try {
       const state: FirstRunState = await profile.firstRunState();
       setIsFirstRun(state.isFirstRun);
-      const refs = state.referenceProfiles;
+      refs = state.referenceProfiles;
       // Show the rows immediately (nothing pre-checked yet).
       setEntries(
         refs.map((p) => ({ profile: p, selected: false, available: null })),
       );
-      // Auto-detect once on open: only the CLIs actually installed end up
-      // pre-checked. The manual "Detect installed CLIs" button stays available to
-      // re-probe. If detection is unavailable, rows stay unchecked (the user can
-      // still tick them by hand and re-run detection).
-      try {
-        const results = await profile.detectProfiles(refs);
-        const byId = new Map(results.map((r) => [r.profile.id, r.available]));
-        setEntries(
-          refs.map((p) => {
-            const available = byId.get(p.id) ?? null;
-            return { profile: p, selected: available === true, available };
-          }),
-        );
-      } catch {
-        /* detection unavailable: leave rows unchecked */
-      }
     } catch (e) {
       setError(describe(e));
       setIsFirstRun(false);
     } finally {
+      // Released as soon as the rows are rendered — detection is not awaited.
       setBusy(false);
     }
-  }, [profile]);
+
+    // Auto-detect once on open, detached: only the CLIs actually installed end
+    // up pre-checked. The manual "Detect installed CLIs" button stays available
+    // to re-probe, whatever happens to this round.
+    if (refs !== null) {
+      void runDetection(refs, { preselect: true, reportError: false });
+    }
+  }, [profile, runDetection]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     void reload();
@@ -119,25 +192,12 @@ export function useFirstRun(): FirstRunViewModel {
   }, []);
 
   const detect = useCallback(async () => {
-    setBusy(true);
     setError(null);
-    try {
+    await runDetection(
-      const candidates = entries.map((e) => e.profile);
+      entries.map((e) => e.profile),
-      const results: ProfileAvailability[] =
+      { preselect: false, reportError: true },
-        await profile.detectProfiles(candidates);
+    );
-      const byId = new Map(results.map((r) => [r.profile.id, r.available]));
+  }, [runDetection, entries]);
-      setEntries((prev) =>
-        prev.map((e) => ({
-          ...e,
-          available: byId.get(e.profile.id) ?? e.available,
-        })),
-      );
-    } catch (e) {
-      setError(describe(e));
-    } finally {
-      setBusy(false);
-    }
-  }, [profile, entries]);
 
   const finish = useCallback(async () => {
     setBusy(true);
@@ -158,6 +218,7 @@ export function useFirstRun(): FirstRunViewModel {
     entries,
     error,
     busy,
+    detecting,
     toggle,
     updateProfile,
     remove,