feat(plugins): load activation scope from plugin manifest

Plugins can now declare activationScope ("app" | "project") in their
manifest; loader/runtime honor it to defer activation of project-scoped
plugins until a project is focused instead of activating everything at
app bootstrap. Bumps sdk/IdeaSDK to the commit that adds the field.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

crates/app-tauri/src/plugins.rs

@@ -754,6 +754,7 @@ mod tests {
                 icon: None,
                 trust_level: PluginTrustLevel::Full,
                 capabilities: Vec::new(),
+                activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope::default(),
                 contributes: PluginContributionSet::default(),
             })
         }

crates/app-tauri/tests/dto_plugins.rs

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ fn runtime_catalog_dto_carries_bundle_hash_and_contributions() {
             icon_url: None,
             content_hash: "abc".to_owned(),
             capabilities: vec![PluginCapability::Ui, PluginCapability::Tooling],
+            activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope::Project,
             contributes: PluginContributionSet::default(),
         }],
     };
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ fn runtime_catalog_dto_carries_bundle_hash_and_contributions() {
         value["plugins"][0]["capabilities"],
         serde_json::json!(["ui", "tooling"])
     );
+    assert_eq!(value["plugins"][0]["activationScope"], "project");
     assert!(value["plugins"][0]["contributes"]["menus"]
         .as_array()
         .unwrap()

crates/application/src/plugin/mod.rs

@@ -153,6 +153,8 @@ pub struct PluginRuntimePlugin {
     pub content_hash: String,
     /// Public manifest capabilities.
     pub capabilities: Vec<domain::PluginCapability>,
+    /// Manifest-declared activation scope.
+    pub activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope,
     /// Contributions.
     pub contributes: PluginContributionSet,
 }
@@ -2207,6 +2209,7 @@ impl ListPlugins {
                         icon: None,
                         trust_level: PluginTrustLevel::Full,
                         capabilities: Vec::new(),
+                        activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope::default(),
                         contributes: PluginContributionSet::default(),
                     };
                     out.push(admin_from_descriptor(
@@ -2793,6 +2796,7 @@ async fn runtime_plugin_from_entry(
         icon_url,
         content_hash: descriptor.registry.content_hash.as_str().to_owned(),
         capabilities: descriptor.manifest.capabilities,
+        activation_scope: descriptor.manifest.activation_scope,
         contributes: descriptor.manifest.contributes,
     })
 }
@@ -3006,6 +3010,8 @@ struct RawManifest {
     trust_level: String,
     #[serde(default)]
     capabilities: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope,
     contributes: RawContributes,
 }
 
@@ -3158,6 +3164,7 @@ impl PluginManifestValidator for JsonPluginManifestValidator {
             icon,
             trust_level: PluginTrustLevel::Full,
             capabilities,
+            activation_scope: raw.activation_scope,
             contributes,
         })
     }

crates/backend/src/dto.rs

@@ -242,6 +242,8 @@ pub struct PluginRuntimePluginDto {
     pub content_hash: String,
     /// Public manifest capabilities.
     pub capabilities: Vec<domain::PluginCapability>,
+    /// Manifest-declared activation scope.
+    pub activation_scope: domain::PluginActivationScope,
     /// Contributions.
     pub contributes: domain::PluginContributionSet,
 }
@@ -269,6 +271,7 @@ impl From<application::PluginRuntimePlugin> for PluginRuntimePluginDto {
             icon_url: value.icon_url,
             content_hash: value.content_hash,
             capabilities: value.capabilities,
+            activation_scope: value.activation_scope,
             contributes: value.contributes,
         }
     }

crates/domain/src/lib.rs

@@ -217,13 +217,13 @@ pub use system_permissions::{
 };
 
 pub use plugin::{
-    ContentHash, CustomPluginLayout, PluginBundleUrl, PluginCapability, PluginCommandId,
+    ContentHash, CustomPluginLayout, PluginActivationScope, PluginBundleUrl, PluginCapability,
-    PluginContributionSet, PluginDescriptor, PluginError, PluginId, PluginInstallSource,
+    PluginCommandId, PluginContributionSet, PluginDescriptor, PluginError, PluginId,
-    PluginLayoutContribution, PluginLayoutType, PluginLifecycleState, PluginManifest,
+    PluginInstallSource, PluginLayoutContribution, PluginLayoutType, PluginLifecycleState,
-    PluginMcpServerContribution, PluginMcpServerId, PluginMcpServerSpec, PluginMcpStatus,
+    PluginManifest, PluginMcpServerContribution, PluginMcpServerId, PluginMcpServerSpec,
-    PluginMcpStatusSet, PluginMenuItemContribution, PluginPackageRef, PluginRegistry,
+    PluginMcpStatus, PluginMcpStatusSet, PluginMenuItemContribution, PluginPackageRef,
-    PluginRegistryEntry, PluginTopLevelMenuContribution, PluginTrustLevel, PluginVersion,
+    PluginRegistry, PluginRegistryEntry, PluginTopLevelMenuContribution, PluginTrustLevel,
-    RelativePath, RemovalOutcome, StagedPluginPackage,
+    PluginVersion, RelativePath, RemovalOutcome, StagedPluginPackage,
 };
 
 pub use sandbox::{

crates/domain/src/plugin.rs

@@ -288,6 +288,22 @@ pub enum PluginCapability {
     Tooling,
 }
 
+/// Manifest-declared runtime activation scope.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum PluginActivationScope {
+    /// Activate at app bootstrap, without requiring a focused project.
+    App,
+    /// Wait until a project is focused before the first activation.
+    Project,
+}
+
+impl Default for PluginActivationScope {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::App
+    }
+}
+
 /// Plugin command id.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(transparent)]
@@ -495,6 +511,9 @@ pub struct PluginManifest {
     /// Capabilities.
     #[serde(default)]
     pub capabilities: Vec<PluginCapability>,
+    /// Activation scope. Missing in older manifests means app-level activation.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub activation_scope: PluginActivationScope,
     /// Contributions.
     pub contributes: PluginContributionSet,
 }
@@ -693,4 +712,13 @@ mod tests {
             serde_json::json!(["ui", "mcp", "tooling"])
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn plugin_activation_scope_defaults_to_app_and_serializes_public_names() {
+        assert_eq!(PluginActivationScope::default(), PluginActivationScope::App);
+        assert_eq!(
+            serde_json::to_value(PluginActivationScope::Project).unwrap(),
+            serde_json::json!("project")
+        );
+    }
 }

frontend/src/domain/index.ts

@@ -1799,6 +1799,14 @@ export interface PluginRuntimePlugin {
   publisher?: string;
   version: string;
   capabilities?: string[];
+  /**
+   * Runtime activation scope declared by the plugin manifest.
+   *
+   * Omitted by older manifests and treated as `"app"`: the bundle is activated
+   * immediately at app bootstrap. `"project"` plugins are held pending until a
+   * focused project exists, then activated once for the current app session.
+   */
+  activationScope?: "app" | "project";
   bundleUrl: string;
   iconUrl?: string;
   contentHash: string;

frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginLayoutCellView.test.tsx

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ function renderCell(
   const gateways: Gateways = createMockGateways();
   return render(
     <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
-      <PluginRuntimeProvider value={{ registry, failures: [], loading: false }}>
+      <PluginRuntimeProvider value={{ registry, failures: [], pending: [], loading: false }}>
         <PluginLayoutCellView
           projectId="proj-1"
           cell={props.cell ?? cell()}

frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginRuntimeProvider.tsx

@@ -13,12 +13,19 @@
 
 import { createContext, useContext, useEffect, useState, type ReactNode } from "react";
 
-import { loadPlugins, PluginRuntimeRegistry, type PluginLoadFailure } from "@/plugins/runtime";
+import {
+  loadPlugins,
+  PluginRuntimeRegistry,
+  type PluginLoadFailure,
+  type PluginLoadPending,
+} from "@/plugins/runtime";
 import { useGateways } from "@/app/di";
+import type { PluginRuntimePlugin, Unsubscribe } from "@/domain";
 
 export interface PluginRuntimeContextValue {
   registry: PluginRuntimeRegistry;
   failures: PluginLoadFailure[];
+  pending: PluginLoadPending[];
   /** True until the initial catalog fetch + bundle loads have settled. */
   loading: boolean;
 }
@@ -33,6 +40,7 @@ export interface PluginRuntimeContextValue {
 const EMPTY_PLUGIN_RUNTIME: PluginRuntimeContextValue = {
   registry: new PluginRuntimeRegistry(),
   failures: [],
+  pending: [],
   loading: false,
 };
 
@@ -57,6 +65,7 @@ export function PluginRuntimeProvider({ children, value: injected }: PluginRunti
     injected ?? {
       registry: new PluginRuntimeRegistry(),
       failures: [],
+      pending: [],
       loading: true,
     },
   );
@@ -64,10 +73,7 @@ export function PluginRuntimeProvider({ children, value: injected }: PluginRunti
   useEffect(() => {
     if (injected) return;
     let cancelled = false;
-    gateways.plugin
+    const pluginGateways = {
-      .listRuntimeContributions()
-      .then((catalog) =>
-        loadPlugins(catalog.plugins, {
       project: gateways.project,
       git: gateways.git,
       terminal: gateways.terminal,
@@ -81,11 +87,71 @@ export function PluginRuntimeProvider({ children, value: injected }: PluginRunti
       pluginEvents: gateways.pluginEvents,
       pluginConfig: gateways.pluginConfig,
       pluginStorage: gateways.pluginStorage,
-        }),
+    };
-      )
+    let activatedProjectScoped = false;
+    let pendingProjectPlugins: PluginRuntimePlugin[] = [];
+    let unsubscribeFocus: Unsubscribe | undefined;
+
+    void gateways.focusedProject
+      .onFocusedProjectChanged(async (project) => {
+        if (!project || activatedProjectScoped || pendingProjectPlugins.length === 0) return;
+        activatedProjectScoped = true;
+        const projectPlugins = pendingProjectPlugins;
+        pendingProjectPlugins = [];
+        try {
+          const result = await loadPlugins(projectPlugins, pluginGateways);
+          if (cancelled) return;
+          setValue((prev) => {
+            for (const plugin of result.registry.list()) prev.registry.add(plugin);
+            return {
+              registry: prev.registry,
+              failures: [...prev.failures, ...result.failures],
+              pending: prev.pending.filter(
+                (p) => !projectPlugins.some((entry) => entry.id === p.pluginId),
+              ),
+              loading: false,
+            };
+          });
+        } catch (e: unknown) {
+          if (cancelled) return;
+          setValue((prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            failures: [
+              ...prev.failures,
+              ...projectPlugins.map((plugin) => ({
+                pluginId: plugin.id,
+                reason: describeError(e),
+              })),
+            ],
+            pending: prev.pending.filter(
+              (p) => !projectPlugins.some((entry) => entry.id === p.pluginId),
+            ),
+            loading: false,
+          }));
+        }
+      })
+      .then((unsubscribe) => {
+        if (cancelled) unsubscribe();
+        else unsubscribeFocus = unsubscribe;
+      });
+
+    gateways.plugin
+      .listRuntimeContributions()
+      .then(async (catalog) => {
+        const result = await loadPlugins(catalog.plugins, pluginGateways);
+        pendingProjectPlugins = catalog.plugins.filter((entry) =>
+          result.pending.some((p) => p.pluginId === entry.id),
+        );
+        return result;
+      })
       .then((result) => {
         if (cancelled) return;
-        setValue({ registry: result.registry, failures: result.failures, loading: false });
+        setValue({
+          registry: result.registry,
+          failures: result.failures,
+          pending: result.pending,
+          loading: false,
+        });
       })
       .catch((e: unknown) => {
         // No plugin gateway / catalog fetch failed: run with zero plugins
@@ -97,12 +163,14 @@ export function PluginRuntimeProvider({ children, value: injected }: PluginRunti
               ...prev.failures,
               { pluginId: "<runtime-catalog>", reason: describeError(e) },
             ],
+            pending: [],
             loading: false,
           }));
         }
       });
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
+      unsubscribeFocus?.();
     };
     // Gateways are a stable singleton for the app session (from `useGateways`);
     // re-running on every render would reload every plugin bundle.

frontend/src/features/plugins/PluginsPanel.tsx

@@ -128,6 +128,23 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
         </Panel>
       )}
 
+      {pluginRuntime.pending.length > 0 && (
+        <Panel>
+          <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
+            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-content">
+              Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.
+            </p>
+            <ul className="flex flex-col gap-0.5">
+              {pluginRuntime.pending.map((pending) => (
+                <li key={pending.pluginId} className="text-xs text-muted">
+                  <span className="font-medium text-content">{pending.displayName}</span>
+                </li>
+              ))}
+            </ul>
+          </div>
+        </Panel>
+      )}
+
       {vm.plugins.length === 0 ? (
         <Panel>
           <p className="text-sm text-muted">Aucun plugin installé.</p>

frontend/src/features/plugins/plugins.test.tsx

@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
 import { render, screen, waitFor, fireEvent, within } from "@testing-library/react";
 
-import { MockPluginGateway, MockSystemGateway } from "@/adapters/mock";
+import {
+  createMockGateways,
+  MockFocusedProjectGateway,
+  MockPluginGateway,
+  MockSystemGateway,
+} from "@/adapters/mock";
 import type { PluginInstallResult, PluginReview, PluginRuntimeContributionCatalog } from "@/domain";
 import type { Gateways, ReviewPluginPackageInput } from "@/ports";
 import { DIProvider } from "@/app/di";
@@ -14,12 +19,17 @@ import { PluginRuntimeRegistry } from "@/plugins/runtime";
 import { PluginsPanel } from "./PluginsPanel";
 import { PluginRuntimeProvider, type PluginRuntimeContextValue } from "./PluginRuntimeProvider";
 
+function dataUrl(source: string): string {
+  return `data:text/javascript;base64,${Buffer.from(source).toString("base64")}`;
+}
+
 function renderPanel(
   plugin?: MockPluginGateway,
   system?: MockSystemGateway,
   runtimeValue: PluginRuntimeContextValue = {
     registry: new PluginRuntimeRegistry(),
     failures: [],
+    pending: [],
     loading: false,
   },
 ) {
@@ -40,7 +50,7 @@ function renderPanel(
 }
 
 function renderPanelWithLiveRuntime(plugin: MockPluginGateway, system = new MockSystemGateway()) {
-  const gateways = { plugin, system } as unknown as Gateways;
+  const gateways = { ...createMockGateways(), plugin, system };
   return render(
     <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
       <PluginRuntimeProvider>
@@ -77,6 +87,63 @@ class FailingRuntimeCatalogPluginGateway extends MockPluginGateway {
   }
 }
 
+class ProjectScopedRuntimeCatalogPluginGateway extends MockPluginGateway {
+  constructor(private readonly bundleUrl: string) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  async listRuntimeContributions(): Promise<PluginRuntimeContributionCatalog> {
+    return {
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "dev.acme.project-plugin",
+          displayName: "Project Plugin",
+          version: "1.0.0",
+          activationScope: "project",
+          bundleUrl: this.bundleUrl,
+          contentHash: "project-plugin",
+          contributes: { menus: [], menuItems: [], layouts: [], mcpServers: [] },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+class MixedActivationScopeRuntimeCatalogPluginGateway extends MockPluginGateway {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly failingAppBundleUrl: string,
+    private readonly projectBundleUrl: string,
+  ) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  async listRuntimeContributions(): Promise<PluginRuntimeContributionCatalog> {
+    return {
+      plugins: [
+        {
+          id: "dev.acme.app-needs-project",
+          displayName: "App Needs Project",
+          version: "1.0.0",
+          capabilities: ["tooling"],
+          activationScope: "app",
+          bundleUrl: this.failingAppBundleUrl,
+          contentHash: "app-needs-project",
+          contributes: { menus: [], menuItems: [], layouts: [], mcpServers: [] },
+        },
+        {
+          id: "dev.acme.project-plugin",
+          displayName: "Project Plugin",
+          version: "1.0.0",
+          activationScope: "project",
+          bundleUrl: this.projectBundleUrl,
+          contentHash: "project-plugin",
+          contributes: { menus: [], menuItems: [], layouts: [], mcpServers: [] },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+  }
+}
+
 class BackendShapedReviewPluginGateway extends MockPluginGateway {
   async reviewPackage(input: ReviewPluginPackageInput): Promise<PluginReview> {
     const label = input.path.split("/").pop() ?? input.path;
@@ -106,6 +173,7 @@ describe("PluginsPanel", () => {
     renderPanel(undefined, undefined, {
       registry: new PluginRuntimeRegistry(),
       failures: [{ pluginId: "com.example.hello-plugin", reason: "Cannot use import statement outside a module" }],
+      pending: [],
       loading: false,
     });
 
@@ -124,6 +192,130 @@ describe("PluginsPanel", () => {
     expect(screen.getByText(/runtime catalog failed/)).toBeTruthy();
   });
 
+  it("renders runtime failures before pending plugins without repeating invariant pending reasons", async () => {
+    renderPanel(undefined, undefined, {
+      registry: new PluginRuntimeRegistry(),
+      failures: [{ pluginId: "dev.acme.failed", reason: "activation failed" }],
+      pending: [
+        {
+          pluginId: "dev.acme.pending",
+          displayName: "Pending Plugin",
+          reason: "En attente d'un projet actif.",
+        },
+      ],
+      loading: false,
+    });
+
+    expect(await screen.findByText("Aucun plugin installé.")).toBeTruthy();
+    const failureTitle = screen.getByText("Certains plugins installés n'ont pas pu être chargés.");
+    const pendingTitle = screen.getByText("Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.");
+    expect(
+      failureTitle.compareDocumentPosition(pendingTitle) & Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_FOLLOWING,
+    ).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("Pending Plugin")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.queryByText("En attente d'un projet actif.")).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("shows project-scoped runtime plugins as pending until a project is focused", async () => {
+    delete (globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__projectPluginActivations;
+    delete (globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__projectPluginActivatedWith;
+    const bundle = dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        globalThis.__projectPluginActivations = (globalThis.__projectPluginActivations ?? 0) + 1;
+        globalThis.__projectPluginActivatedWith = ctx.pluginId;
+      }
+    `);
+    const focusedProject = new MockFocusedProjectGateway();
+    const gateways = {
+      ...createMockGateways(),
+      focusedProject,
+      plugin: new ProjectScopedRuntimeCatalogPluginGateway(bundle),
+    };
+
+    render(
+      <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
+        <PluginRuntimeProvider>
+          <PluginsPanel />
+        </PluginRuntimeProvider>
+      </DIProvider>,
+    );
+
+    expect(await screen.findByText("Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("Project Plugin")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.queryByText("Certains plugins installés n'ont pas pu être chargés.")).toBeNull();
+
+    await focusedProject.setFocusedProject({ id: "p1", name: "Alpha", root: "/tmp/alpha" });
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.queryByText("Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.")).toBeNull();
+      expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__projectPluginActivatedWith).toBe(
+        "dev.acme.project-plugin",
+      );
+    });
+
+    await focusedProject.setFocusedProject({ id: "p2", name: "Beta", root: "/tmp/beta" });
+    expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__projectPluginActivations).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps app-scope failures distinct from project-scope pending plugins, without cross-blocking", async () => {
+    delete (globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__mixedProjectPluginActivations;
+    delete (globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__mixedProjectPluginActivatedWith;
+    const failingAppBundle = dataUrl(`
+      export async function activate(ctx) {
+        await ctx.services.workspace.getProjectRoot();
+      }
+    `);
+    const projectBundle = dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        globalThis.__mixedProjectPluginActivations =
+          (globalThis.__mixedProjectPluginActivations ?? 0) + 1;
+        globalThis.__mixedProjectPluginActivatedWith = ctx.pluginId;
+      }
+    `);
+    const focusedProject = new MockFocusedProjectGateway();
+    const gateways = {
+      ...createMockGateways(),
+      focusedProject,
+      plugin: new MixedActivationScopeRuntimeCatalogPluginGateway(
+        failingAppBundle,
+        projectBundle,
+      ),
+    };
+
+    render(
+      <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
+        <PluginRuntimeProvider>
+          <PluginsPanel />
+        </PluginRuntimeProvider>
+      </DIProvider>,
+    );
+
+    const failureTitle = await screen.findByText("Certains plugins installés n'ont pas pu être chargés.");
+    const failureSection = failureTitle.closest("section");
+    expect(failureSection).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(within(failureSection as HTMLElement).getByText("dev.acme.app-needs-project")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(
+      within(failureSection as HTMLElement).getByText((_, element) =>
+        element?.tagName === "LI" &&
+        (element.textContent?.includes("no current project is focused") ?? false),
+      ),
+    ).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("Project Plugin")).toBeTruthy();
+
+    await focusedProject.setFocusedProject({ id: "p1", name: "Alpha", root: "/tmp/alpha" });
+
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.queryByText("Certains plugins attendent un projet actif.")).toBeNull();
+      expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__mixedProjectPluginActivatedWith).toBe(
+        "dev.acme.project-plugin",
+      );
+    });
+
+    await focusedProject.setFocusedProject({ id: "p2", name: "Beta", root: "/tmp/beta" });
+    expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__mixedProjectPluginActivations).toBe(1);
+  });
+
   it("installs from an archive via the review dialog, mentioning full-trust", async () => {
     renderPanel();
     await screen.findByText("Aucun plugin installé.");

frontend/src/features/projects/pluginGitRepository.test.tsx

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ function renderWithPlugin(git: GitGateway) {
 
   return render(
     <DIProvider gateways={gateways}>
-      <PluginRuntimeProvider value={{ registry, failures: [], loading: false }}>
+      <PluginRuntimeProvider value={{ registry, failures: [], pending: [], loading: false }}>
         <ProjectsView />
       </PluginRuntimeProvider>
     </DIProvider>,

frontend/src/plugins/runtime/index.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export {
   type IdeaPluginModule,
   type PluginActivation,
   type PluginLoadFailure,
+  type PluginLoadPending,
   type PluginLoadResult,
 } from "./loader";
 export {

frontend/src/plugins/runtime/loader.test.ts

@@ -349,6 +349,130 @@ describe("loadPlugins", () => {
     ]);
   });
 
+  it("leaves project-scoped plugins pending without a focused project", async () => {
+    const bundle = dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        globalThis.__pendingProjectPluginActivated = ctx.pluginId;
+      }
+    `);
+    const noFocusedProjectGateways = {
+      ...gateways,
+      focusedProject: {
+        async getFocusedProject() {
+          return null;
+        },
+      },
+    } as PluginGatewaySet;
+
+    const { registry, failures, pending } = await loadPlugins(
+      [
+        entry({
+          id: "dev.acme.project-only",
+          displayName: "Project Only",
+          activationScope: "project",
+          bundleUrl: bundle,
+        }),
+      ],
+      noFocusedProjectGateways,
+    );
+
+    expect(registry.list()).toEqual([]);
+    expect(failures).toEqual([]);
+    expect(pending).toEqual([
+      {
+        pluginId: "dev.acme.project-only",
+        displayName: "Project Only",
+        reason: "En attente d'un projet actif.",
+      },
+    ]);
+    expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__pendingProjectPluginActivated).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("activates project-scoped plugins when a project is already focused", async () => {
+    const bundle = dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        globalThis.__focusedProjectPluginActivated = ctx.pluginId;
+      }
+    `);
+    const focusedProjectGateways = {
+      ...gateways,
+      focusedProject: {
+        async getFocusedProject() {
+          return { id: "p1", name: "Alpha", root: "/tmp/alpha" };
+        },
+      },
+    } as PluginGatewaySet;
+
+    const { registry, failures, pending } = await loadPlugins(
+      [
+        entry({
+          id: "dev.acme.project-focused",
+          displayName: "Project Focused",
+          activationScope: "project",
+          bundleUrl: bundle,
+        }),
+      ],
+      focusedProjectGateways,
+    );
+
+    expect(failures).toEqual([]);
+    expect(pending).toEqual([]);
+    expect(registry.list().map((p) => p.pluginId)).toEqual(["dev.acme.project-focused"]);
+    expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__focusedProjectPluginActivated).toBe(
+      "dev.acme.project-focused",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("treats omitted activationScope as app and isolates a project-required activation failure", async () => {
+    const projectDependentBundle = dataUrl(`
+      export async function activate(ctx) {
+        await ctx.services.workspace.getProjectRoot();
+      }
+    `);
+    const healthyBundle = dataUrl(`
+      export function activate(ctx) {
+        globalThis.__healthyAppPluginActivated = ctx.pluginId;
+      }
+    `);
+    const noFocusedProjectGateways = {
+      ...gateways,
+      focusedProject: {
+        async getFocusedProject() {
+          return null;
+        },
+      },
+    } as PluginGatewaySet;
+
+    const { registry, failures, pending } = await loadPlugins(
+      [
+        entry({
+          id: "dev.acme.default-app-scope",
+          displayName: "Default App Scope",
+          capabilities: ["tooling"],
+          bundleUrl: projectDependentBundle,
+        }),
+        entry({
+          id: "dev.acme.healthy-app",
+          displayName: "Healthy App",
+          bundleUrl: healthyBundle,
+        }),
+      ],
+      noFocusedProjectGateways,
+    );
+
+    expect(registry.list().map((p) => p.pluginId)).toEqual(["dev.acme.healthy-app"]);
+    expect(failures).toEqual([
+      {
+        pluginId: "dev.acme.default-app-scope",
+        reason: "no current project is focused",
+      },
+    ]);
+    expect(pending).toEqual([]);
+    expect((globalThis as Record<string, unknown>).__healthyAppPluginActivated).toBe(
+      "dev.acme.healthy-app",
+    );
+  });
+
   it("loads the hello-plugin command and layout contribution shape", async () => {
     const bundle = dataUrl(`
       export function activate(ctx) {

frontend/src/plugins/runtime/loader.ts

@@ -76,9 +76,16 @@ export interface PluginLoadFailure {
   reason: string;
 }
 
+export interface PluginLoadPending {
+  pluginId: string;
+  displayName: string;
+  reason: string;
+}
+
 export interface PluginLoadResult {
   registry: PluginRuntimeRegistry;
   failures: PluginLoadFailure[];
+  pending: PluginLoadPending[];
 }
 
 export interface PluginLoadOptions {
@@ -190,6 +197,20 @@ function hasCapability(entry: PluginRuntimePlugin, capability: string): boolean
   return arrayOrEmpty<string>(objectOrEmpty(entry).capabilities).includes(capability);
 }
 
+function activationScope(entry: PluginRuntimePlugin): "app" | "project" {
+  return objectOrEmpty(entry).activationScope === "project" ? "project" : "app";
+}
+
+function pendingForProjectFocus(entry: PluginRuntimePlugin): PluginLoadPending {
+  const entryObject = objectOrEmpty(entry);
+  const pluginId = safePluginId(entry);
+  return {
+    pluginId,
+    displayName: nonEmptyString(entryObject.displayName) ?? pluginId,
+    reason: "En attente d'un projet actif.",
+  };
+}
+
 async function disposeAll(disposables: Disposable[], activation?: void | PluginActivation): Promise<void> {
   try {
     await activation?.dispose?.();
@@ -324,13 +345,20 @@ export async function loadPlugins(
 ): Promise<PluginLoadResult> {
   const registry = new PluginRuntimeRegistry();
   const failures: PluginLoadFailure[] = [];
+  const pending: PluginLoadPending[] = [];
   const resolvedOptions: Required<PluginLoadOptions> = {
     timeoutMs: options.timeoutMs ?? DEFAULT_PLUGIN_LOAD_TIMEOUT_MS,
   };
 
   const entries = Array.isArray(catalogPlugins) ? catalogPlugins : [];
+  const focus = await gateways.focusedProject?.getFocusedProject?.();
+  const loadableEntries = entries.filter((entry) => {
+    if (activationScope(entry) !== "project" || focus) return true;
+    pending.push(pendingForProjectFocus(entry));
+    return false;
+  });
   const results = await Promise.all(
-    entries.map((entry) => loadOne(entry, gateways, resolvedOptions)),
+    loadableEntries.map((entry) => loadOne(entry, gateways, resolvedOptions)),
   );
   for (const result of results) {
     if ("failure" in result) {
@@ -345,9 +373,9 @@ export async function loadPlugins(
 
   if (entries.length > 0) {
     console.info(
-      `[plugins] load complete loaded=${registry.list().length} failed=${failures.length}`,
+      `[plugins] load complete loaded=${registry.list().length} failed=${failures.length} pending=${pending.length}`,
     );
   }
 
-  return { registry, failures };
+  return { registry, failures, pending };
 }